Torrent Itali4/23/2021
More studies and eld investigations on this subject might lead to the exploit- ation of the ground vibrations induced by debris ows to better deal with this hazardous phenomenon.Arattano Italian National Research Council Download full-text PDF Read full-text Download full-text PDF Read full-text Download citation Copy link Link copied Read full-text Download citation Copy link Link copied Citations (79) References (21) Figures (9) Abstract and Figures Debris flows constitute a major threat forseveral urban settlements located on the fans ofmountain catchments and for other infrastructures thatinteract with these fans, particularly highways andmotorways.
Often structural measures such as theconstruction and maintenance of deposition basins,check dams, channel linings are both too expensive andnot capable of completely guaranteeing the safety forinhabitants of villages and users of infrastructuresaffected by debris flows. Therefore the search offunctional, reliable and possibly not expensivewarning systems should be pursued to increase theavailable tools to face this often devastating kind ofphenomenon. In this paper the use of seismic detectorsfor the determination of a debris flow occurrence ina torrent before its arrival on the fan will bediscussed, together with their potential use asmonitoring and warning systems. In 1995 a set of fourseismic detectors was placed at a distance of aboutone hundred meters from each other along a straightchannel reach of a debris flow prone torrent locatedon the Eastern Italian Alps. The purpose, in a firstphase of the research, was mainly to verify whichinformation could be obtained through this type ofdevice on the occasion of a debris flow occurrence. On5 July 1995, 22 June and 8 July 1996 three debrisflows were recorded by this seismic network: the datathat have been collected will be presented andconveniently processed for their interpretation. Theresults that have been obtained show that the passageof a debris flow in a torrent can be clearlyidentified using seismic devices placed at a safedistance from the channel bed and that in some casesa velocity estimation of the flowing mass is alsopossible through the processing of the seismic data. Torrent Itali Torrent Debris FlowsThe Moscardo Torrent debris flows can carry boulders of several cubic meters in volume. These two large boulders were deposited along the reach of the torrent that crosses the fan by a debris flow occurred in the summer of 1996. Two different velocities are involved in the propagation of a debris flow along a torrent: the velocity of the debris itself, V d, and the propagation velocity of the vibrations that (a) Location of the seismic network within the Moscardo Basin closed at the fan apex. The lower basin was chosen for the installation to guarantee the possibility to record the point of movement inception, the safety of the installation and its accessibility. The seismic detectors (S1, S2, S3 and S4) were placed at a distance of 100 meters from each other along the right bank of a straight reach of the torrent. The detectors were placed on the ground in an upright position within a hole about 30 cm deep, subsequently refilled and compacted. The sensors are placed on the border of the road that flanks the torrent at a distance of about 20 meters from the channel bottom. Here the cross section is shown where the fourth detector is installed. Arattano Author content All figure content in this area was uploaded by M. Torrent Itali Free Public FullDiscover the worlds research 20 million members 135 million publications 700k research projects Join for free Public Full-text 1 Content uploaded by M. Arattano Author content All content in this area was uploaded by M. Printed in the N etherlands. ![]() ARA TT ANO CNR-IRPI, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, Italy, e-mail: m.arattanoirpi.to. Abstract. Debris ows constitute a major threat fo r several urban settlements located on the fans of mountain catchments and for other infrastructur es that interact with these fans, particularly highways and motorways. Often structural measures such as the construction and maintenance of deposition basins, check dams, channel linings are both too expensive and not capable of completely guaran- teeing the safety for inhabitants of villages and users o f infrastructures affected by debris ows. Therefore the search of functional, rel iable and possibly not expensive warning systems should be pursued to increase the available tools to face this often devastating kind of phenomenon. I n this paper the use of seismic detectors for the determinati on of a debris ow occurrence in a torrent before its arrival on the fan will be discussed, together with their potential use as monitoring and warning systems. In 1995 a set of four seismic detectors was placed at a distance of about one hundred meters from each other along a straight channel reach of a debris ow prone torrent located on the Eastern Italian Alps. ![]() On 5 July 1995, 22 June and 8 July 1996 three debris ows were recorded by this seismic network: the dat a that have been collected will be presented and conveniently processed for their interpretation. The results that have been obtained show that the passage of a debris ow in a torrent can be clearly identied using seismic devices placed at a safe distance from the channel bed and that in some cases a velocity estimation of the owing mass is also possible through the processing of the seismic data.
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